An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Proced
ure.
NO. COA02-1694
NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS
Filed: 20 April 2004
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
v
.
Buncombe County
No. 01 CRS 55480
GAMALIEL ESPERCZA PEDROZA,
Defendant.
Appeal by defendant from judgment and commitment upon
revocation of probation entered 24 October 2003 by Judge Robert D.
Lewis in Buncombe County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of
Appeals 14 October 2003.
Attorney General Roy Cooper, by Assistant Attorney General
Brenda Eaddy for the State.
Carol Ann Bauer for defendant-appellant.
ELMORE, Judge.
Gamaliel Pedroza (defendant) lived with his fiancee and once
burned some of her belongings in the driveway of their trailer
home. Defendant was charged with and pled guilty to burning
personal property and felonious failure to appear on the
aforementioned crime. He received a suspended sentence of six to
eight months, and was placed on supervised probation for twenty-
four months. As a special condition of his probation, defendant
was required to become and remain gainfully employed; abide by any
special requests of probation officer as to curfew, geographic or
associate restrictions among other conditions. During a hearing for his first probation violation his
sentence was modified to include a forty-five day jail sentence
with three months of intensive probation following his release from
jail. Defendant violated his probation by having positive drug
screens, not making court ordered payments, failing to report to
his probation officer, missing curfews, and failing to provide
documentation of gainful employment.
During a hearing for his second probation violation
defendant's probation was revoked and his suspended sentence
activated. Defendant's probation officer alleged that defendant
failed to abide by the officer's request that he change his
residence. Defendant appeals from that judgment revoking his
probation.
I.
A trial court's decision to revoke probation will not be
reversed absent a manifest abuse of discretion. State v.
Tennant, 141 N.C. App. 524, 526, 540 S.E.2d 807, 808 (2000).
Defendant brings two assignments of error on appeal, which we will
consider in turn.
II.
First, defendant contends that the trial court erred by not
addressing in the findings of fact that the defendant presented
evidence to show that the geographic requirements by the probation
officer were unreasonable. We disagree.
When a defendant puts on evidence of his inability to fulfill
a condition of probation, or of lawful excuse, he is entitled tohave his evidence considered and evaluated by the trial court, and
the trial judge has a duty to make findings of fact which clearly
show that he did consider and did evaluate the defendant's
evidence. State v. Hill, 132 N.C. App. 209, 510 S.E.2d 413 (1999);
State v. Jones, 78 N.C. App. 507, 509, 337 S.E.2d 195, 197 (1985);
State v. Young, 21 N.C. App. 316, 321, 204 S.E.2d 185, 188 (1974).
Other than a claim of inability to comply or lawful excuse, the
trial court is not required to make findings of fact concerning the
evidence in support of every contention of the defendant.
In the present case, the only evidence defendant presented was
the testimony of the victim, his fiancee. The evidence established
both her support of defendant, and the fact that he had not moved
out of the shared residence. Defendant did not contend that he was
unable to fulfill this condition of probation, and in fact admitted
that he had not moved. Defendant's counsel made the following
closing argument: Your honor, we hope that you'll find that the
requirement by the probation officer that he move out was not a
reasonable requirement and that he be allowed to return to his
residence and be kept on probation. Defendant's counsel presented
no authority or legal basis for the argument.
The trial transcript is a little more than fourteen pages
long, and the evidence was brief. It is clear from the transcript
that the trial court did in fact consider defendant's evidence in
that the trial court asked questions of defendant's counsel before
making a determination. A condition which is a violation of the defendant's
constitutional right and, therefore, beyond the power of the court
to impose is per se unreasonable. State v. Caudle, 276 N.C. 550,
173 S.E.2d 778 (1970); State v. Simpson, 25 N.C. App. 176, 179-80,
212 S.E.2d 566, 569, cert. denied, 287 N.C. 263, 214 S.E.2d 436
(1975). However, a condition which is directly related to and
grows out of the offense for which the defendant was convicted is
proper. Simpson, 25 N.C. App. at 180, 212 S.E.2d at 569.
In the case at bar defendant was convicted of burning personal
property and assaulting his fiancee. The trial court ordered as a
condition of probation that the defendant not reside with her. At
the time of the probation violation hearing defendant and the
victim were still unmarried. Although changing residence would
have been difficult, this condition was clearly directly related to
and grew out of the offense for which the defendant was convicted,
and was consistent with proper punishment for the crime. We hold
that under the circumstances of this case this condition neither
violated the defendant's constitutional rights nor was otherwise
unreasonable. See State v. Simpson, 25 N.C. App. 176, 212 S.E.2d
566, cert. denied, 287 N.C. 263, 214 S.E.2d 436 (1975) (the trial
court was affirmed in revoking the defendant's probation when
defendant argued that the condition allegedly breached by the
defendant was in violation of his constitutional right to work.)
Because the condition of probation was reasonable, and the
trial court clearly considered defendant's evidence, the trialcourt did not err in failing to make findings of fact pertaining to
defendant's contention that the condition was unreasonable.
III.
Second, defendant contends that the trial court abused its
discretion by ordering that defendant's probation violation was
willful and without lawful excuse and by activating defendant's
suspended sentence. This assignment of error has no merit.
The competent evidence showed that defendant did wilfully
violate his probation. At the violation hearing, defendant's
evidence showed that he had not moved out of the house. Defendant
offered no evidence of an inability to comply with the condition of
probation or a lawful excuse, except that the condition was
unreasonable. As explained above, we conclude that the condition
was reasonable. We therefore affirm the trial court's revocation
of defendant's probation.
Affirmed.
Judge TIMMONS-GOODSON concurs.
Judge WYNN concurs in result only.
Report per Rule 30(e).
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