DIANE H. BROWN,
Employee-Plaintiff
v
.
North Carolina
Industrial Commission
File Nos. 801090, 828950
WILKES COUNTY SHERIFF'S
DEPARTMENT,
Employer
and
ZENITH INSURANCE COMPANY/
RISCORP (GRIT)
Carrier-Defendants
Appeal by plaintiff from an opinion and award entered 7
October 2003 by the North Carolina Industrial Commission. Heard in
the Court of Appeals 16 September 2004.
Franklin Smith, for employee-plaintiff.
Cranfill, Sumner, & Hartzog, L.L.P., by Amanda Kims Riess, for
defendant-appellees.
CALABRIA, Judge.
Diane H. Brown (plaintiff) appeals from an opinion and award
of the North Carolina Industrial Commission (the Commission),
denying plaintiff workers' compensation benefits for injuries
allegedly resulting from separate work-related accidents. We
affirm.
In September of 1997, plaintiff was employed by the Wilkes
County Sheriff's Department (defendant) as a detective for childabuse and neglect cases. This position, a sworn law enforcement
officer position, requires the completion of an intensive,
fourteen-week basic law enforcement training program. The training
program includes an obstacle course with a six-foot wall. On 29
September 1997, while training on the obstacle course, plaintiff
injured her right arm in an attempt to scale the wall. On 10
October 1997, plaintiff presented to Dr. Bradley Templeton with
bruising and a lump on her right arm, which was diagnosed as a
blood clot. However, a subsequent ultrasound indicated there was
no blood clot in the arm, and the Commission found the extent of
plaintiff's injury resulting from the 29 September 1997 accident
was a bruise to her right arm.
The second injury reported by plaintiff occurred on 3 November
1997 to her left arm, which plaintiff stated was caused by
excessive bumping of [her] left arm in [the] obstacle course
training and jerked and pulled [her] left arm when doing pullups on
[the] bar in [the] gym. The following day, plaintiff presented to
the emergency room with a nodule on her left arm, which was later
determined to be a lipoma. Plaintiff reported she suffered a
bruise and a broken blood vessel as a result of the injury on 3
November 1997. On 23 January 1999, Dr. David Kim performed
outpatient surgery to excise the lipoma.
Over a year after the 3 November 1997 incident, in December
1998, plaintiff was examined by Dr. William Bell for, inter alia,
low back pain. Plaintiff related to Dr. Bell that she injured her
lower back while undertaking, as part of her training, an attemptto pull a 180-pound man out of a car. Despite plaintiff's
assertion that she felt an immediate, sharp pain at the time of the
attempt, which caused her to drop the victim and fall to the
ground, plaintiff did not complain of the injury or the incident
when she went to the hospital the following day, 4 November 1997,
to have the lipoma on her left arm examined.
On 6 December 1997, plaintiff completed a workers'
compensation form for her employer reporting the injuries from the
incidents of 29 September 1997 and 3 November 1997. Defendants
denied both claims by Form 61 denials in late January 1998. On 26
February 1998, plaintiff prepared separate Form 18 notices of
injury for her claims and requested that her claims be assigned a
hearing via Form 33 requests. In the Form 18 for the 29 September
incident, plaintiff described her injuries as a deep muscle bruise
and strain in the right arm and shoulder. In the Form 18 for the
3 November incident, plaintiff described her injuries as a deep
bruise and hematoma. On 14 January 1999, plaintiff amended her
Form 18 for the 3 November incident to add an injury to her lower
back. The deputy commissioner issued an opinion and award denying
plaintiff's claims for workers' compensation benefits, and
plaintiff appealed. The Commission affirmed in an opinion and
award filed 7 October 2003. Plaintiff appeals to this Court.
I. Injury from 29 September 1997
In its opinion and award, the Commission denied plaintiff's
claim for workers' compensation benefits for the injury to her
right arm resulting from the incident on 29 September 1997 on thegrounds that plaintiff had failed to timely file her claim. In
support of the denial, the Commission concluded, as a matter of
law, that plaintiff's claim is barred as plaintiff failed to
timely file her claim for any alleged injury under N.C. Gen. Stat.
§ 97-22. This conclusion was based on the Commission's finding
that plaintiff had not filed her claim within thirty days, had
given no reasonable excuse for that failure, and defendants had
been prejudiced by the lack of an opportunity to fully investigate
the claim or direct medical treatment had the case been accepted as
compensable. Plaintiff has presented neither argument nor citation
to authority challenging the Commission's denial of plaintiff's
claim for the 29 September 1997 incident on the grounds that
plaintiff failed to file timely notice; accordingly, any assignment
of error concerning this portion of the Commission's order has been
abandoned. N.C. R. App. P. 28(b)(6) (2004).
II. Injury from 3 November 1997
Plaintiff asserts the Full Commission committed reversible
error in finding that the plaintiff failed to prove an accident
arising out of and during the course of her employment and failing
to find that the plaintiff sustained an injury by accident arising
out of her employment on . . . November 3, 1997. In support of
this assertion, plaintiff's sole citation to authority in her brief
is to that portion of N.C. Gen. Stat. § 97-25 (2003) concerning, in
relevant part, payment ordered by the Commission for medical costs
incurred by an employee in emergency situations when a physician
other than one provided by the employer is called to treat theinjured employee. The statute, however, is inapposite as plaintiff
has failed to bring forward any argument as to the existence of an
emergency. Furthermore, the statutory provision applies, by its
own terms, where payment for such care is ordered by the
Industrial Commission. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 97-25. No such order
has been entered, and we find this argument to be without merit.
No other argument contained in plaintiff's brief is supported by
authority in violation of our appellate rules of procedure;
therefore, we deem such arguments abandoned. N.C. R. App. P.
28(b)(6).
Moreover, the remainder of plaintiff's arguments on appeal, in
substance, are unavailing. It is well-settled that the employee
bears the burden of establishing the compensability of a worker's
compensation claim. Holley v. ACTS, Inc., 357 N.C. 228, 231, 581
S.E.2d 750, 752 (2003). Our review of the Commission's opinion and
award is limited to reviewing whether any competent evidence
supports the Commission's findings of fact and whether the findings
of fact support the Commission's conclusions of law. Deese v.
Champion Int'l Corp., 352 N.C. 109, 116, 530 S.E.2d 549, 553
(2000). The Industrial Commission is the sole judge of the weight
and credibility of the evidence, see id., and this Court 'does
not have the right to weigh the evidence and decide the issue on
the basis of its weight.' Adams v. AVX Corp., 349 N.C. 676, 681,
509 S.E.2d 411, 414 (1998) (quoting Anderson v. Construction Co.,
265 N.C. 431, 434, 144 S.E.2d 272, 274 (1965)). Plaintiff's argument on appeal that defendants have not come
forward to dispute that plaintiff was injured by accident
deriving out of and during the course of her employment must fail
since such arguments impliedly shift plaintiff's burden of proof to
defendants. Moreover, much of the evidence of record depends on
plaintiff's recitation of the events surrounding 3 November 1997,
yet the Commission specifically found plaintiff's testimony was not
credible in light of the numerous changes in plaintiff's claims
concerning (1) those events and (2) the manner and extent of her
resulting injuries. Such credibility determinations fall squarely
within the sole province of the Commission, and we do not disturb
them on appeal. We have carefully considered plaintiff's remaining
arguments and find them to be without merit.
Affirmed.
Judges ELMORE and STEELMAN concur.
Report per Rule 30(e).
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