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All opinions are subject to modification and technical correction prior to official publication in the North Carolina Reports and North Carolina Court of Appeals Reports. In the event of discrepancies between the electronic version of an opinion and the
print version appearing in the North Carolina Reports and North Carolina Court of Appeals Reports, the latest print version is to be considered authoritative.
LOIS D. FRANCIS, Plaintiff, v. MARK E. FRANCIS, Defendant
NO. COA04-765
Filed: 5 April 2005
1. Divorce--alimony--consideration of investment portfolio
The trial court did not err by denying alimony payments for a period of 22 months and
considering plaintiff wife's investment portfolio when calculating the amount of alimony that the
trial court awarded, because: (1) the trial court considered all the statutory factors and exercised
its discretion in determining the appropriate amount, duration, and manner of payment; and (2)
the trial court had the authority under N.C.G.S. § 50-16.3A(b)(15) to consider any other factor
relating to the economic circumstances of the parties that the court finds to be just and proper.
2. Child Support, Custody, and Visitation--Child Support Guidelines--combined gross
monthly income
The trial court did not err by using the child support guidelines even though plaintiff
contends the parents' combined gross income was greater than $20,000.00 per month, because:
(1) the trial court determined that defendant's total gross income was $11,282.00 per month and
plaintiff's gross income was $698 per month, which combined was below the $20,000.00
threshold; and (2) the trial court was permitted to use the guidelines requiring defendant to
continue paying $1,521.00 per month in child support.
3. Costs--attorney fees_-alimony--child support
The trial court did not err in an alimony and child support case by allegedly failing to
award adequate attorney fees, because: (1) plaintiff wife received one-third of her total attorney
fees, which the trial court determined was reasonable based on the nature and scope of the legal
services rendered and the time required of counsel and her staff; and (2) plaintiff failed to show
the trial court abused its discretion.
Appeal by plaintiff from order entered 24 November 2003 by
Judge Shelley H. Desvousges in Wake County District Court. Heard
in the Court of Appeals 12 January 2005.
Constance M. Ludwig for plaintiff appellant.
Law Offices of Charles H. Montgomery, by Charles H. Montgomery
and Jeanne B. Ford, for defendant appellee.
McCULLOUGH, Judge.
This is a family law dispute involving alimony, child support,
and attorney fees. Plaintiff Lois D. Francis and defendant Mark E.Francis were married in 1981 and separated on 5 March 2000. Their
daughter, Laura Francis, was born on 22 August 1988.
On 9 May 2000, plaintiff filed claims for post-separation
support, child support, alimony, attorney fees, equitable
distribution, and child custody. Defendant filed an answer and
counterclaims for equitable distribution and child custody on 1
July 2000.
On 24 November 2003, the trial judge issued an order requiring
defendant to pay: (1) $1,521.00 in child support; (2) $2,000.00 per
month in alimony for five years or until plaintiff reaches the age
of 62 (whichever is later); and (3) $17,202.91 for attorney fees.
Plaintiff appeals.
On appeal, plaintiff argues that the trial court erred by (1)
denying alimony payments for a period of 22 months and considering
plaintiff's investment portfolio when calculating the amount of
alimony that the trial court did award, (2) using the child support
guidelines in this case, and (3) failing to award adequate attorney
fees. We disagree and affirm the decision of the trial court.
I. Alimony
[1] Plaintiff argues that the trial court erred by denying
alimony payments for a period of 22 months and considering
plaintiff's investment portfolio when calculating the amount of
alimony that the trial court did award. We disagree.
Pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 50-16.3A(a)(2003):
The court shall award alimony to the dependent
spouse upon a finding that one spouse is a
dependent spouse, that the other spouse is asupporting spouse, and that an award of
alimony is equitable after considering all
relevant factors, including those set out in
subsection (b) of this section.
When awarding alimony, the trial court must consider the
sixteen factors set forth in N.C. Gen. Stat. § 50-16.3A(b)(1)-(16).
The court also has discretion in determining the amount, duration,
and manner of payment of alimony. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 50-16.3A(b).
The trial court's decision regarding the amount of alimony will not
be disturbed unless there is a manifest abuse of discretion.
Bookholt v. Bookholt, 136 N.C. App. 247, 249-50, 523 S.E.2d 729,
731 (1999).
In the present case, the trial court determined that plaintiff
was entitled to alimony since plaintiff was a dependent spouse and
defendant was a supporting spouse. Additionally, the trial court
considered all of the statutory factors before concluding that an
award of alimony was equitable. Defendant was required to pay
$2,000.00 per month beginning on 1 June 2003. The payments would
last for five years or until plaintiff turned 62 (whichever is
later).
Defendant has not shown that the trial court abused its
discretion in denying alimony for a period of 22 months. As we
have indicated, the trial court considered all the statutory
factors and exercised its discretion in determining the appropriate
amount, duration, and manner of payment. Additionally, the trial
court acted properly in considering plaintiff's investment
portfolio when calculating the amount of alimony. Undoubtedly, thetrial court had the authority to evaluate this factor under N.C.
Gen. Stat. § 50-16.3A(b)(15), the provision that permits
consideration of [a]ny other factor relating to the economic
circumstances of the parties that the court finds to be just and
proper. We overrule this assignment of error.
II. Child Support
[2] Plaintiff argues that the trial court erred in making its
determination of child support. Pursuant to N.C. Gen. Stat. § 50-
13.4(c)(2003), [t]he court shall determine the amount of child
support payments by applying the presumptive guidelines[.]
However,
[i]n cases in which the parents' combined
adjusted gross income is more than $20,000 per
month ($240,000 per year), the supporting
parent's basic child support obligation cannot
be determined by using the child support
schedule.
2005 Ann. R. (N.C.) 48. In these instances, the court should
consider, on a case by case basis, the reasonable needs of the
child(ren) and the relative ability of each parent to provide
support. Id.
In the present case, defendant voluntarily paid $1,521.00 per
month, the maximum amount for supporting one child under Schedule
A of the North Carolina Child Support Guidelines. Defendant
contends that the trial court should not have used the child
support guidelines because the parents' combined gross income was
greater than $20,000.00 per month. We disagree. Based on defendant's testimony, the trial court determined
defendant's income to be $9,516.00 per month in salary and
$1,766.00 per month from investments. Thus, his total gross income
was $11,282.00 per month. The trial court acknowledged that some
of defendant's earned income from investments and sales of stock
was higher in 2001 and 2002, but this would not recur in 2003 and
beyond. Plaintiff stated in her affidavit that her gross income
was $698.00 per month. The parents' combined gross income was
$11,980.00 which is below the $20,000.00 threshold. Accordingly,
the trial court was permitted to use the child support guidelines
and require defendant to continue paying $1,521.00 per month in
child support. We overrule this assignment of error.
III. Attorney Fees
[3] Plaintiff argues that the trial court erred in its award
of attorney fees. Plaintiff suggests that the award should have
been higher. Our Supreme Court has explained:
In order to receive an award of counsel
fees in an alimony case, it must be determined
that the spouse is entitled to the relief
demanded; that the spouse is a dependent
spouse; and that the dependent spouse is
without sufficient means whereon to subsist
during the prosecution of the suit, and defray
the necessary expenses thereof. Whether these
requirements have been met is a question of
law that is reviewable on appeal, and if
counsel fees are properly awarded, the amount
of the award rests within the sound discretion
of the trial judge and is reviewable on appeal
only for an abuse of discretion.
Clark v. Clark, 301 N.C. 123, 135-36, 271 S.E.2d 58, 67 (1980)
(citations omitted). In the present case, plaintiff received one-third of her total attorney fees. The trial court determined that
this amount was reasonable because of the nature and scope of the
legal services rendered[] [and] the skill and time required of
counsel and her staff. Since plaintiff has failed to show that
the trial judge abused her discretion in making this award, we
overrule this assignment of error.
We have considered plaintiff's other arguments and have
determined that they are without merit. Therefore, the trial
court's order is
Affirmed.
Judges ELMORE and LEVINSON concur.
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