All opinions are subject to modification and technical correction prior to official publication in the North Carolina Reports and North Carolina Court of Appeals Reports. In the event of discrepancies between the electronic version of an opinion and the print version appearing in the North Carolina Reports and North Carolina Court of Appeals Reports, the latest print version is to be considered authoritative.
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
v.
HASEEN HERMAN EVERETTE
Appeal pursuant to N.C.G.S. § 7A-30(2) from the decision of
a divided panel of the Court of Appeals, 172 N.C. App. 237, 616
S.E.2d 237 (2005), finding no error in part in judgments entered
20 February 2003 by Judge Jerry R. Tillett in Superior Court,
Pitt County, but remanding the case for resentencing. On 19
December 2006, the Supreme Court allowed the state's petition for
discretionary review and defendant's petition for discretionary
review as to an additional issue. Heard in the Supreme Court 7
May 2007.
Roy Cooper, Attorney General, by
Daniel S. Johnson, Special
Deputy Attorney General, for the state-appellee/appellant.
Richard E. Jester for defendant-appellant/appellee.
MARTIN, Justice.
This case represents the most recent chapter in our
jurisprudence concerning the finite number of cases to which
Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 (2004), applies, but North
Carolina's remedial sentencing legislation does not.
W
e conclude
that no error occurred in defendant's trial and that defendant is
not entitled to a new sentencing hearing.
The state's evidence at trial tended to show the following:
From 10:30 p.m. on 3 November 2001 until 2:30 a.m. on 4 November2001, Officer Charles Savage of the Greenville Police Department
was working as a security guard at a downtown Greenville store.
He was off duty, but was wearing his police uniform at the time.
During his shift, Officer Savage repeatedly came across defendant
and several young women loitering in the store parking lot, and
he told defendant to leave on four occasions.
On his way home after his shift ended, Officer Savage
observed several young women fighting in the street in front of
BW-3, a restaurant in downtown Greenville.
He recognized three
of them as having been with defendant earlier in the evening.
Officer Savage broke up the fight, and as he dispersed the crowd,
he
saw defendant standing a couple of feet away from him.
Defendant said three times, F--- the police.
Officer Savage
responded that defendant needed to shut [his] mouth and
disappear or [defendant would be] going to jail.
Around this time, Officer William Holland, Officer Keith
Knox, and Sergeant John Curry arrived at the scene to assist
Officer Savage.
Officer Holland
also told defendant to leave.
Officer Holland escorted defendant across the street.
Defendant
walked slowly, looking back several times.
At this time, a black vehicle pulled up and defendant
entered the front passenger seat.
The vehicle began to depart as
Officer Holland walked back across the street.
Officer Holland
then heard gunshots, turned, and saw defendant hanging out of
the top of the sunroof of that vehicle shooting in his
direction.
Officer Knox and Sergeant Curry had witnessed Officer
Holland walking defendant across the street, and they too heard
gunshots and saw defendant standing up through the sunroof of thevehicle and firing shots.
Although Officer Savage did not
personally see defendant firing shots, he
heard the gunshots and
saw smoke in the air.
As Officer Holland chased the vehicle on
foot, he heard bullets . . . impacting the wall on the side of
[the street] and the sound of shattering glass.
Officer Holland
eventually lost sight of the vehicle.
Officer Knox later found seven shell casings at the scene.
Of the seven or more shots defendant fired, several resulted in
serious injury to persons and property. Jonathan Williams was
eating at BW-3 around 2:30 a.m. when he noticed the young women
fighting outside the restaurant.
He went outside to observe the
commotion. Williams then heard the shots and ran for the front
door. He
was struck by a bullet in the lower midsection of his
left thigh, a painful injury that necessitated his temporary
withdrawal from college and delayed his graduation.
Williams was
unable to identify the shooter, but saw a dark-colored vehicle
and puffs of smoke.
Howard Howell was in downtown Greenville that night
performing with a band at a nightclub.
Around 2:30 a.m., he left
the nightclub and went outside.
After hearing what sounded to
him like a firecracker, he was immediately hit by a bullet in
the stomach.
Howell survived, but endured several months of
painful recovery.
Brad Herring was also in downtown Greenville that night at
the Flying Salsa, a restaurant he owned.
Herring had only
recently ended his practice of keeping the Flying Salsa open
until 3:00 a.m. and was staying after closing that night to
estimate how much business he was losing by closing earlier.
At2:30 a.m., the lights at the Flying Salsa were not turned off,
but were instead turned down.
Herring heard a sound that
sounded like a chain hitting a big metal sheet and immediately
left the Flying Salsa.
The next morning when he opened the
Flying Salsa, Herring found glass everywhere and jackets and
slugs from two bullets.
He discovered that two of the windows
at the Flying Salsa had holes in them.
Defendant presented no evidence at trial, and a jury found
him guilty
of two counts of assault with a deadly weapon
inflicting serious injury, one count of assault with a firearm on
a law enforcement officer, and one count of discharging a firearm
into occupied property. At sentencing, t
he trial court found the
following statutory aggravating factors as to the two charges of
assault with a deadly weapon inflicting serious injury and the
charge of assault with a firearm on a law enforcement officer:
(1) the offense was committed to hinder the lawful exercise of a
governmental function or the enforcement of laws; (2) defendant
knowingly created a great risk of death to more than one person
by means of a weapon or device which would normally be hazardous
to the lives of more than one person; and (3) defendant committed
the offense while on pretrial release.
The trial court found as a nonstatutory aggravating factor
that defendant made repeated acts which were more than required
for the offense.
As to the charge of discharging a weapon into
occupied property, the trial court also found as a nonstatutory
aggravating factor that defendant shot more than one time into
occupied property in a reckless or hazardous manner.
The trial
court found as a mitigating factor
that defendant supports [his]family. The trial court sentenced defendant in the aggravated
range to four active, consecutive terms of
thirty-six to
fifty-three months.
Defendant appealed to the Court of Appeals. While his
appeal was pending, the United States Supreme Court issued its
decision in Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 (2004)
, which
held that in most instances, aggravating factors increasing a
defendant's sentence must be submitted to a jury and proved
beyond a reasonable doubt.
On defendant's motion, the Court of
Appeals ordered the parties to brief the Blakely issue. See
State v. Blackwell, 361 N.C. 41, 44, 638 S.E.2d 452, 454-55
(2006) (applying Blakely to the defendant's case when it was on
direct appeal at the time Blakely was issued), cert. denied, _
U.S. _, 127 S. Ct. 2281 (2007).
A divided panel of the Court of
Appeals found no error in defendant's convictions, but found
structural error in defendant's sentences and remanded for
resentencing in accordance with State v. Allen, 359 N.C. 425, 615
S.E.2d 256 (2005), withdrawn, 360 N.C. 569, 635 S.E.2d 899
(2006). State v. Everette, 172 N.C. App. 237, 616 S.E.2d 237
(2005). The dissenting judge concluded that the evidence was
insufficient to support defendant's conviction for discharging a
firearm into occupied property, but concurred with the majority
in all other respects. Id. at 248-49, 616 S.E.2d at 244-45.
Defendant appealed to this Court on the basis of the
dissenting opinion.
We subsequently allowed the state's petition
for discretionary review of the Blakely issue. We also allowed
defendant's petition for discretionary review of the additional
issue as to whether defendant was entitled to a new sentencinghearing to allow the trial court to reweigh the aggravating and
mitigating factors.
We now address these issues in turn.
Defendant first argues that the trial court erred by denying
his motion to dismiss and subsequent motion to set aside the
verdict on the charge of discharging a firearm into occupied
property in violation of N.C.G.S. § 14-34.1. At the time of
defendant's offenses, this section stated
: Any person who
willfully or wantonly discharges or attempts to discharge . . .
[a] firearm into any building . . . while it is occupied is
guilty of a Class E felony. N.C.G.S. §
14-34.1 (2001) (amended
2005). To support a conviction under this statute, the defendant
must have had 'reasonable grounds to believe that the building
might be occupied by one or more persons.' State v. James, 342
N.C. 589, 596, 466 S.E.2d 710, 714-15 (1996) (quoting
State v.
Williams, 284 N.C. 67, 73, 199 S.E.2d 409, 412 (1973)).
Defendant argues that the state failed to present sufficient
evidence that he had reasonable grounds to believe that the
Flying Salsa might be occupied when he fired into the building.
It is well settled that [
i]n ruling on a motion to dismiss,
the trial court must determine whether there is substantial
evidence of each essential element of the crime and whether the
defendant is the perpetrator of that crime. State v. Harris,
361 N.C. 400, 402, 646 S.E.2d 526, 528 (2007) (citing State v.
McNeil, 359 N.C. 800, 803, 617 S.E.2d 271, 273 (2005)).
Substantial evidence is that amount of relevant evidence
necessary to persuade a rational juror to accept a conclusion.
Id. (citing McNeil, 359 N.C. at 804, 617 S.E.2d at 274).
When
reviewing claims of sufficiency of the evidence, an appellatecourt must . . . view[] all the evidence in the light most
favorable to the State and resolv[e] all contradictions and
discrepancies in the State's favor. Id.
(citing State v. Jones,
303 N.C. 500, 504-05, 279 S.E.2d 835, 838 (1981)). Thus, [a]
case should be submitted to a jury if there is any evidence
tending to prove the fact in issue or reasonably leading to the
jury's conclusion 'as a fairly logical and legitimate
deduction.' 361 N.C. at 402-03, 646 S.E.2d at 528
(quoting
Jones, 303 N.C. at 504, 279 S.E.2d at 838) (citations and
internal quotation marks omitted). This is true even though the
evidence may support reasonable inferences of the defendant's
innocence. State v. Grigsby, 351 N.C. 454, 457, 526 S.E.2d 460,
462 (2000) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).
Here, at the time of the shooting, the lights in the Flying
Salsa were on but turned down, such that a jury could infer
that a dim light was emanating from inside. The Flying Salsa was
located in an area of downtown Greenville described as pretty
crowded at 2:30 a.m. on Sunday mornings. On that night in
particular, the streets surrounding the Flying Salsa were
crowded. Moreover, the Flying Salsa was located in an area where
other nearby establishments, including BW-3 and a nightclub, were
open until the early morning hours. Before this incident, the
Flying Salsa had stayed open until 3:00 a.m.
When considered together,
this evidence was sufficient to
support the jury's inference that defendant had reasonable
grounds to believe the Flying Salsa might have been occupied when
he fired two shots into the building while Herring was inside.
Accordingly, the Court of Appeals correctly held that the trialcourt properly denied defendant's motion to dismiss for
insufficient evidence. For the same reasons, the Court of
Appeals correctly held that the trial court properly exercised
its discretion in denying defendant's motion to set aside the
verdict on the basis of insufficient evidence. See
State v.
Fleming, 350 N.C. 109, 146, 512 S.E.2d 720, 745 (citing State v.
Wilson, 313 N.C. 516, 538, 330 S.E.2d 450, 465 (1985))
(holding
that the trial court's denial of a motion to set aside the
verdict for insufficient evidence is reviewable only for abuse of
discretion),
cert. denied, 528 U.S. 941 (1999)
.
The majority of defendant's remaining arguments concern his
contention that Blakely error occurred when the trial court found
aggravating factors without submitting them to a jury. In its
brief to this Court, the state concedes that the trial court's
finding of all but one of these aggravators constituted Blakely
error. It argues, however,
as it did before the Court of
Appeals, that the trial court's finding that defendant was on
pretrial release at the time he committed the instant offenses
comported with Blakely because defendant admitted to the
existence of this aggravating factor.
During the sentencing hearing, the state represented that it
would seek a finding that defendant was on pretrial release at
the time he committed the instant crimes. The state indicated to
the trial court that it was prepared to offer proof of this
aggravator in the form of public records, but that it would
accept defendant's stipulation to this aggravator in the
alternative. Confronted with the state's proffer of overwhelmingevidence of this aggravator, defendant's counsel stipulated to
its existence
:
[PROSECUTOR]: . . . And finally, No. 12, Your
Honor, the defendant committed the offense while on
pre-trial release on another charge. . . . To show the
Court that, I will hand up 01-CRS-58888, in which the
defendant was arrested on September 15th of 2001 for
the [sale] of cocaine in which he made bond and was
released from the detention center on October 18th of
2001.
. . . .
[PROSECUTOR]: And also, Your Honor, another
series of charges, four counts of assault with a deadly
weapon with the intent to kill in 01-CRS-56481 through
56484, in which the defendant was arrested on those
charges on May 26th of 2001 and was released on bond on
June 17th of 2001. I point out the condition of that
bond was that he not possess any dangerous or deadly
weapons. I'd like to hand those files up. Your Honor,
unless the defendant is willing to stipulate to those,
I think the Court needs to look at the files.
. . . .
THE COURT: He was under the conditions of pre-
trial release at the time.
[DEFENSE COUNSEL]: I just want you to know that
in considering_the other charges, Your Honor, were
pending at the time. He was on pre-trial release at
the time_
[PROSECUTOR]: So you stipulate that he was out on
bond on those five charges?
[DEFENSE COUNSEL]: Yes.
Having stipulated to the existence of the aggravator during his
sentencing hearing, defendant now argues on appeal that Blakely
error in fact occurred.
Defendant first argues that
his stipulation did not
constitute a valid waiver of his Blakely rights because it was
not knowing and voluntary as he alleges is required under Brady
v. United States, 397 U.S. 742, 748 (1970). This argument ispremised on defendant's assertion that, at the time of his
stipulation,
he did not fully contemplate that Blakely would
subsequently provide for the right to a jury trial on this
aggravator.
Put simply, defendant's argument overlooks the fact that he
did not have a Blakely right to waive.
Blakely itself
specifically excluded several categories of aggravated sentences
from the scope of the right it contemporaneously recognized: (1)
those imposed on the basis of a prior conviction, 542 U.S. at
301
(quoting Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 490 (2000));
(2) those imposed solely on the basis of the facts reflected in
the jury verdict, id. at 303 (emphasis omitted); and (3) those
imposed solely on the basis of the facts . . . admitted by the
defendant, id. (emphasis omitted), or to which the defendant
stipulates, 542 U.S. at 310. Notably, the precise wording
Blakely used to describe its textual exceptions has survived
verbatim in subsequent articulations of this right. See Rita v.
United States, __ U.S. __, __, 127 S. Ct. 2456, 2466 (2007);
Cunningham v. California, __ U.S. __, __, 127 S. Ct. 856, 860
(2007)
; Washington v. Recuenco, __ U.S. __, __, 126 S. Ct. 2546,
2549 (2006)
;
United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 244 (2005).
Most recently, the United States Supreme Court in Rita v. United
States reaffirmed Blakely's textual exceptions, explaining that
[t]
he Sixth Amendment question, the Court has said, is whether
the law forbids a judge to increase a defendant's sentence unless
the judge finds facts that the jury did not find (and the
offender did not concede). __ U.S. at __, 127 S. Ct. at 2466
(third emphasis added, first and second emphases omitted)
.
Thus, the United States Supreme Court's post-Blakely
jurisprudence has clarified that an aggravated sentence imposed
solely on the basis of facts admitted, stipulated, or
conceded by a criminal defendant does not implicate the Sixth
Amendment right to a trial by jury. We recognized this exception
to Blakely in State v. Hurt, 361 N.C. 325, 329, 643 S.E.2d 915,
917 (2007), in which we held that Blakely allows a trial judge to
impose an aggravated sentence on the basis of admissions made by
a defendant. Similarly, the United States Court of Appeals for
the Fourth Circuit in United States v. Revels noted: However a
defendant admits to facts, they may serve once admitted as the
basis for an increased sentence without being proved to a jury
beyond a reasonable doubt.
455 F.3d 448, 450 (4th Cir.)
(citing
Booker, 543 U.S. at 244), cert. denied, __ U.S. __, 127 S. Ct.
299 (2006).
In the instant case, this textual exception to Blakely
applies whether the exchange between the trial court and counsel
during sentencing is viewed as defendant's admission,
stipulation (the parties' choice of terminology at trial), or
concession to the existence of the now-challenged aggravator.
T
he aggravator at issue here concerned the objective question of
whether [t]he defendant committed the offense while on pretrial
release on another charge under
N.C.G.S. § 15A-1340.16(d)(12).
As the transcript confirms, defendant admitted through counsel to
all of the relevant facts necessary for the trial court to make a
conclusive finding on this aggravator: namely, that defendant
was on pre-trial release at the time he committed the instantoffenses.
(See footnote 1)
Consequently, defendant's Blakely-compliant admission
served as the sole basis for the trial court's finding of this
aggravator, and defendant was not entitled to a jury trial on
this aggravator under Blakely and its progeny. For that reason,
defendant's discussion
of whether he could have contemplated the
United States Supreme Court's decision in Blakely is of no
consequence. Indeed, a defendant may not waive that which he
does not have. Accordingly, we reverse the Court of Appeals as
to those portions of its opinion holding otherwise.
Defendant next argues in the alternative
that his admission
through counsel did not constitute a Blakely-compliant
admission, stipulation, or concession because he did not
personally admit to the existence of the challenged aggravator.
We recently considered this argument in Hurt. There the
defendant argued that because he
did not personally admit to any
aggravating factor in the case
, the representations of defense
counsel alone could not constitute an admission for Blakely
purposes.
Hurt, 361 N.C. at 329, 643 S.E.2d at 918. We rejected
this argument and made abundantly clear that a Blakely-compliant
admission may be made either by the defendant personally or
through counsel. Id. at 330, 643 S.E.2d at 918 (emphasisadded). In doing so, we reaffirmed our pre-Blakely cases holding
that
a trial court may find aggravating factors based on an
admission by the defendant's counsel on behalf of the defendant.
See, e.g.,
State v. Swimm, 316 N.C. 24, 32, 340 S.E.2d 65, 71
(1986)
.
T
he federal courts have also rejected the notion that a
Blakely-compliant admission requires a personal admission by the
defendant.
Citing federal decisions holding that defense
counsel's representations alone constitute admissions for Blakely
purposes, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth
Circuit in Revels explained:
Admissions may take a variety of forms, including
guilty pleas and stipulations, a defendant's own
statements in open court, and representations by
counsel, see, e.g., United States v. Devono, 413 F.3d
804, 805 (8th Cir. 2005) (per curiam); United States v.
Bartram, 407 F.3d 307, 310-11 (4th Cir. 2005) (opinion
of Widener, J.); id. at 315 (Niemeyer, J., concurring
in part and concurring in the judgment), [cert. denied,
546 U.S. 1189 (2006)]
. However a defendant admits to
facts, they may serve once admitted as the basis for an
increased sentence without being proved to a jury
beyond a reasonable doubt.
455 F.3d at 450
(emphasis added) (internal citations omitted).
Against the weight of this authority, defendant
points to
provisions in North Carolina's Blakely Act which now require the
trial court to address defendants personally, advise them that
they are entitled to a jury trial on any aggravating factors, and
ensure that an admission is the result of an informed choice.
See N.C.G.S. § 15A-1022.1(b), (c) (2005). In defendant's words,
[t]he legislature carefully crafted a statutory scheme to comply
with Blakely, and the failure to apply these provisions to
defendant would make the statute an exercise in futility. This argument, however, defies the Blakely Act's express
language, which makes clear that N.C.G.S. §
15A-1022.1
does not
apply to defendant's case. See
Act of June 21, 2005, ch. 145,
2005 N.C. Sess. Laws 253 (codified at N.C.G.S. §§ 15A-924(a),
-1022.1, -1340.14, -1340.16 (2005)) (providing that
[p]rosecutions for offenses committed before [30 June 2005] are
not abated or affected by [the Blakely Act], id., sec. 5 at
260). The remedial measures our legislature enacted in the wake
of Blakely remain in full force when applicable, but we summarily
reject defendant's suggestion that we should
retroactively
engraft these statutory
protections onto the federal Blakely
right under the guise of constitutional interpretation.
Accordingly,
for those cases arising prior to the effective date
of the Blakely Act ,
we reaffirm our prior cases and follow the
federal courts in holding that
defense counsel's admissions to
the existence of an aggravating factor constitute Blakely-
compliant admissions upon which an aggravated sentence may be
imposed. See Hurt, 361 N.C. at 330, 643 S.E.2d at 918; see also,
e.g., Revels,
455 F.3d at 450.
Defendant next argues that his admission was not
sufficiently definite and certain, as Hurt suggests is required
for stipulations in the Blakely context. See Hurt, 361 N.C. at
329, 643 S.E.2d at 918 (quoting
State v. Powell, 254 N.C. 231,
234-35, 118 S.E.2d 617, 619-20 (1961), superseded by statute on
other grounds, N.C.G.S. § 20-179(a)(2003))
. In Hurt,
the
transcript revealed that at most, defendant's attorney was
acknowledging that the aggravating factors might apply as he
asked the trial court not to accept the State's argument. Id.at 330, 643 S.E.2d at 918
.
We therefore held that the mere
acknowledgment that an aggravator might apply was not
sufficiently definite and certain to constitute an admission for
Blakely purposes, but cautioned that such admissions may take a
variety of forms. Id.
Revels also addressed this issue, observing that
verbalizations necessarily fall along a spectrum by which their
certainty and clarity should be considered as potential Blakely
admissions.
455 F.3d at 450. There the Court cited its decision
in
United States v. Milam
for the proposition that
the silence
of both defendant and defense counsel would not constitute an
admission for Blakely purposes. Revels, 455 F.3d at 450-51
(citing Milam, 443 F.3d 382, 387 (4th Cir. 2006) (holding that no
Blakely-compliant admission occurred when
both the defendant and
defense counsel stood silent as the trial court made its
finding on the aggravator)). The Court observed, however, that
unequivocal
statements such as 'I admit,' or the functional
equivalent thereof are clearly admissions under [Blakely].
Id. at 450.
In the present case, the sentencing hearing transcript
reveals
an admission sufficiently clear for Blakely purposes.
T
he transcript confirms that defense counsel admitted to the
existence of the pretrial release aggravator ([T]he other
charges . . . were pending[.]), then rephrased this admission
for clarity (He was on pre-trial release at the time
.). In
response,
the prosecutor sought to clarify defendant's admission
(So you stipulate that he was out on bond on those five
charges
?), and defense counsel again admitted to the existenceof the pretrial release aggravator (Yes.). The clarity of this
admission is entirely opposite to the ambiguous remarks of
defense counsel in Hurt and the complete silence of both
defendant and defense counsel considered in Milam and referenced
in Revels. Compare Hurt, 361 N.C. at 329, 643 S.E.2d at 918-19,
and
Revels, 455 F.3d at 450-51 (citing Milam, 443 F.3d at 387),
with
Devono, 413 F.3d at 805 (holding that defendant admitted to
the challenged aggravator when defense counsel stated at
sentencing, We didn't object to the factual basis in the
Presentence Report because frankly we believed that the facts are
true that are set forth in there.), and Bartram, 407 F.3d at 310
n.1, 314 (holding that no Blakely error occurred when trial court
found aggravating factors based on defense counsel's concession
that defendant committed the relevant conduct as stated in [a]
presentence report).
Accordingly, defendant's argument that his
admission was not sufficiently clear for purposes of Blakely is
without merit.
Finally, defendant argues that he is entitled to a new
sentencing hearing under State v. Ahearn, 307 N.C. 584, 300
S.E.2d 689 (1983). Because we hold that the trial court properly
found the pretrial release aggravator, and because the state
concedes that the trial court's finding of the other aggravators
constituted Blakely error, we address defendant's argument that
the trial court must be given an opportunity to reweigh the
pretrial release
aggravator against the lone mitigating factor it
found.
Defendant is not entitled to a new sentencing hearing under
these circumstances. In Ahearn, the trial court found threeaggravating factors and five mitigating factors, and determined
that the aggravating factors outweighed the mitigating factors
.
307 N.C. at 592, 300 S.E.2d at 694. On appeal, this Court
concluded that one of the aggravating factors was not supported
by the evidence. Id. at 599, 300 S.E.2d at 698
. The record,
however, gave no indication of the weight the trial court
accorded each aggravator and mitigator. In addition, the trial
court completed only one judgment and commitment form for
defendant's two offenses, the practical result of which
treat[ed]
both offenses alike for purposes of listing the
findings in aggravation and mitigation. Id.
at 592, 300 S.E.2d
at 694. For these reasons,
we remanded for resentencing rather
than attempt[ing] to second guess the sentencing judge with
respect to the weight given to any particular factor.
Id. at
602, 300 S.E.2d at 701. We observed, however, that a trial court
may properly determine that one factor in aggravation outweighs
more than one factor in mitigation without any need to justify
the weight [it] attaches to any factor. Id. at 596-97, 300
S.E.2d at 697.
Consistent with Ahearn,
a new sentencing hearing here is
unnecessary because the trial court expressly indicated during
sentencing that each of the aggravators_including the pretrial
release aggravator_independently justified each of defendant's
aggravated sentences and outweighed the lone mitigating factor.
At the sentencing hearing, the trial court stated:
I find that each one of the aggravating factors in and
of itself independently outweighs all mitigating
factors. I find specifically that each one of the
aggravating factors independently is in and of itself a
sufficient basis for the imposition of the sentence orsentences that are hereinafter imposed and outweighs
all mitigating and justifies a sentence from within the
aggravated range.
In addition, the trial court completed individual judgment and
commitment forms specifying the relevant aggravators and
mitigator for each conviction. These forms specifically
indicated that each and every aggravated factor in and of itself
outweighs all the mitigating factors and justifies from within
the aggravated range this sentence.
Thus, the trial court here
eliminated the need for any appellate second guessing as to the
weight it accorded each factor on each sentence, and it properly
exercised discretion in determin[ing] that one factor in
aggravation outweigh[ed] more than one factor in mitigation.
Ahearn, 307 N.C. at 597, 300 S.E.2d at 697; see also State v.
Daniels, 319 N.C. 452, 454, 355 S.E.2d 136, 137 (1987)
(holding
that a trial [court's] weighing of mitigating and aggravating
factors will not be disturbed absent a showing that the [trial
court] abused [its] discretion).
Accordingly, defendant's
argument fails.
To summarize, we conclude that: (1) sufficient evidence
existed to support defendant's conviction for discharging a
firearm into occupied property in violation of N.C.G.S. §
14-34.1
; (2) the trial court's finding of the pretrial release
aggravator did not constitute Blakely error; (3) the finding of
this pretrial release aggravator was sufficient to justify the
trial court's imposition of aggravated sentences; and (4)
defendant is not entitled to a new sentencing hearing. We
therefore affirm in part and reverse in part and remand to theCourt of Appeals for further remand to the trial court for
reinstatement of defendant's sentences.
AFFIRMED IN PART; REVERSED IN PART AND REMANDED. Justice
TIMMONS-GOODSON did not participate in the consideration or
decision of this case.
No.
452A05
- Everette
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